storage display value variable name type format label variable label ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- county int %9.0g county identifier year byte %9.0g 81 to 87 crmrte float %9.0g crimes committed per person prbarr float %9.0g 'probability' of arrest prbconv float %9.0g 'probability' of conviction prbpris float %9.0g 'probability' of prison sentenc avgsen float %9.0g avg. sentence, days polpc float %9.0g police per capita density float %9.0g people per sq. mile taxpc float %9.0g tax revenue per capita west byte %9.0g =1 if in western N.C. central byte %9.0g =1 if in central N.C. urban byte %9.0g =1 if in SMSA pctmin80 float %9.0g perc. minority, 1980 wcon float %9.0g weekly wage, construction wtuc float %9.0g wkly wge, trns, util, commun wtrd float %9.0g wkly wge, whlesle, retail trade wfir float %9.0g wkly wge, fin, ins, real est wser float %9.0g wkly wge, service industry wmfg float %9.0g wkly wge, manufacturing wfed float %9.0g wkly wge, fed employees wsta float %9.0g wkly wge, state employees wloc float %9.0g wkly wge, local gov emps mix float %9.0g offense mix: face-to-face/other pctymle float %9.0g percent young male d82 byte %9.0g =1 if year == 82 d83 byte %9.0g =1 if year == 83 d84 byte %9.0g =1 if year == 84 d85 byte %9.0g =1 if year == 85 d86 byte %9.0g =1 if year == 86 d87 byte %9.0g =1 if year == 87 lcrmrte float %9.0g log(crmrte) lprbarr float %9.0g log(prbarr) lprbconv float %9.0g log(prbconv) lprbpris float %9.0g log(prbpris) lavgsen float %9.0g log(avgsen) lpolpc float %9.0g log(polpc) ldensity float %9.0g log(density) ltaxpc float %9.0g log(taxpc) lwcon float %9.0g log(wcon) lwtuc float %9.0g log(wtuc) lwtrd float %9.0g log(wtrd) lwfir float %9.0g log(wfir) lwser float %9.0g log(wser) lwmfg float %9.0g log(wmfg) lwfed float %9.0g log(wfed) lwsta float %9.0g log(wsta) lwloc float %9.0g log(wloc) lmix float %9.0g log(mix) lpctymle float %9.0g log(pctymle) lpctmin float %9.0g log(pctmin) clcrmrte float %9.0g lcrmrte - lcrmrte[_n-1] clprbarr float %9.0g lprbarr - lprbarr[_n-1] clprbcon float %9.0g lprbconv - lprbconv[_n-1] clprbpri float %9.0g lprbpri - lprbpri[t-1] clavgsen float %9.0g lavgsen - lavgsen[t-1] clpolpc float %9.0g lpolpc - lpolpc[t-1] cltaxpc float %9.0g ltaxpc - ltaxpc[t-1] clmix float %9.0g lmix - lmix[t-1]
Estimoi regressiomalli vuoden 1987 aineistolle, jossa y-muuttuja on log(crmrte) (logarithm of crimes committed per person) ja selittavat muuttujat ovat log(prbarr), log(prbconv), log(prbpris) ja log(avgsen).
file<-"http://cc.oulu.fi/~jklemela/panel/cornwell.raw" data<-read.table(file=file) year<-data[,2] ind<-(year==87) y<-log(data[ind,3]) x1<-log(data[ind,4]) x2<-log(data[ind,5]) x3<-log(data[ind,6]) x4<-log(data[ind,7]) reg.model<-lm(y ~ x1+x2+x3+x4) summary(reg.model) Call: lm(formula = y ~ x1 + x2 + x3 + x4) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -1.36104 -0.19129 0.07939 0.27754 0.86843 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) -4.86792 0.43153 -11.281 < 2e-16 *** x1 -0.72397 0.11532 -6.278 1.39e-08 *** x2 -0.47251 0.08311 -5.686 1.80e-07 *** x3 0.15967 0.20644 0.773 0.441 x4 0.07642 0.16347 0.467 0.641 --- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 Residual standard error: 0.429 on 85 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.4162, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3888 F-statistic: 15.15 on 4 and 85 DF, p-value: 2.171e-09 ----------------------------------------------------------- R2<-0.4162 N<-90 K<-5 R2/(1-R2)*(N-K)/(K-1) [1] 15.14945
Lisataan selittava muuttuja vuoden 1986 log(crmrte).
year<-data[,2] ind<-(year==87) y<-log(data[ind,3]) x1<-log(data[ind,4]) x2<-log(data[ind,5]) x3<-log(data[ind,6]) x4<-log(data[ind,7]) x5<-log(data[(year==86),3]) reg.model<-lm(y ~ x1+x2+x3+x4+x5) summary(reg.model) all: lm(formula = y ~ x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -1.28022 -0.08931 0.03055 0.11019 0.32422 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) -0.76663 0.31310 -2.449 0.01643 * x1 -0.18504 0.06276 -2.948 0.00414 ** x2 -0.03868 0.04660 -0.830 0.40891 x3 -0.12669 0.09885 -1.282 0.20351 x4 -0.15202 0.07829 -1.942 0.05552 . x5 0.77981 0.04521 17.248 < 2e-16 *** --- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 Residual standard error: 0.2025 on 84 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.8715, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8638 F-statistic: 113.9 on 5 and 84 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
FILENAME myurl URL 'http://cc.oulu.fi/~jklemela/panel/cornwell.raw'; DATA cornwell; INFILE myurl firstobs=1; INPUT county year crmrte prbarr prbconv prbpris avgsen; RUN; PROC reg data=cornwell; model crmrte = prbarr prbconv prbpris avgsen; RUN;